美西南巨环之旅（七）悬崖上的梅萨维德国家公园Mesa Verde
1888年冬天，在科罗拉多州西南部海拔2600多米的梅萨维德高原上，两个牛仔为了寻找自己失踪的牛，闯进了这片荒凉之地，却意外地发现在一些几乎不能到达的悬崖绝壁上居然有高达三四层的砖石房子。随着一批批考古学家们纷至沓来，这段尘封沙埋的历史终于重见天日，也就是后来的梅萨维德国家公园（Mesa Verde National Park）。
Mesa Verde是西班牙语里“绿色台地”的意思，为 18世纪西班牙探险家起的名字。这里正是北美印第安人居住地遗迹保留地，在这片台地上共发现了4800多处美国土著居住地遗址，其中有600多处是建在悬崖上的，主要景点包括绝壁宫殿、云杉树屋、悬崖宫殿等。
从遗址留下的房舍可以看出，当时的建筑技艺已经相当精湛。那时印第安人已经知道用沙石做成长方形的砖块，再用水和泥调成浆糊，建造砖石屋子，甚至还出现了圆形的楼房。村落里还有一种圆形有顶的地洞，顶中央有个方形的洞口，架着一个楼梯，供人进出，这是他们用来拜神集会的地方。考古学家在发掘梅萨维德遗址时，还发现了蓄水灌田的水库，驯养火鸡的残迹，白底黑彩的陶器，精美的石器骨器和手工织出的棉布，可见当时的社会文化已经发展到相当高的水平。
这些建于公元6世纪至12世纪的古代印第安人村落遗址，是美洲大陆高度发展的印第安人文明的象征，对于了解哥伦布发现美洲大陆前的北美印第安人生活极有价值，同时也是一处历史文化旅游景观。由于人文历史显著而被联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）列为世界文化与自然遗产。
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Mesa Verde是西班牙语里“绿色台地”的意思，为 18世纪西班牙探险家起的名字。这里正是北美印第安人居住地遗迹保留地，在这片台地上共发现了4800多处美国土著居住地遗址，其中有600多处是建在悬崖上的，主要景点包括绝壁宫殿、云杉树屋、悬崖宫殿等。
从遗址留下的房舍可以看出，当时的建筑技艺已经相当精湛。那时印第安人已经知道用沙石做成长方形的砖块，再用水和泥调成浆糊，建造砖石屋子，甚至还出现了圆形的楼房。村落里还有一种圆形有顶的地洞，顶中央有个方形的洞口，架着一个楼梯，供人进出，这是他们用来拜神集会的地方。考古学家在发掘梅萨维德遗址时，还发现了蓄水灌田的水库，驯养火鸡的残迹，白底黑彩的陶器，精美的石器骨器和手工织出的棉布，可见当时的社会文化已经发展到相当高的水平。
这些建于公元6世纪至12世纪的古代印第安人村落遗址，是美洲大陆高度发展的印第安人文明的象征，对于了解哥伦布发现美洲大陆前的北美印第安人生活极有价值，同时也是一处历史文化旅游景观。由于人文历史显著而被联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）列为世界文化与自然遗产。
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