天下第一关山海关老龙头

October 09, 2017  •  Leave a Comment
“两京锁钥无双地,万里长城第一关”。山海关为万里长城东部起点的第一座关隘,是明长城唯一与大海相交汇的地方,素有中国长城“三大奇观之一”(东有山海关、中有镇北台、西有嘉峪关)。明洪武十四年(1381年)筑城建关设卫,因其依山襟海,故名山海关。山海关城周长约4千米,与长城相连,以城为关,城高14米,厚7米,有四座主要城门,多种防御建筑,墙体高大坚实,气势宏伟。最为引人注目的是关城东门的镇远楼,也就是天下第一关城楼。城楼所悬的“天下第一关”匾额是明代书法家肖显手迹。城楼耸立于长城之上,雄视四野。登上城楼,可俯视山海关城全貌及关外风光。

老龙头位于山海关城南5公里的渤海之滨,是万里长城东部的起点,是长城与大海唯一的一处交汇点。万里长城恰似一条巨龙,而入海石城犹如龙首探入大海,因而得名老龙头。老龙头伸入渤海中约20余米,以巨石垒成,一半位于海平面之上,一半在水下,建于明万历年间,由戚继光修筑。由宁海城、入海石城、澄海楼、南海口关、龙武营、海神庙等组成。老龙头不仅是伸入大海,建造十分机巧的军事设施,而且又是万里长城中唯一兼有关、山、海、色等诸多景观的绝佳之处。从明初洪武年间到明末崇祯年间的260余年中,老龙头不断修建,逐步完善。直至清代长城内外成为一统,老龙头从此失去了军事防御的作用,成为帝王将相、文人墨客观光览胜的佳境。

宁海城是老龙头军事防御体系的重要组成部分,是我国现存最完整、规模最宏大的明代军营。城内有兵营区:龙武营;武官府邸:守备署、把总署;有祭祀先驱将领的显功祠,也有请神护佑的龙王庙和关帝庙。当年这里驻守着三个营的水师,有战船百余艘。澄海楼矗立于高昂的龙头之上,犹如点睛之作,有“长城连海水连天,人上飞楼百尺巅”之称。自清朝开国后,康熙、雍正、乾隆、嘉庆、道光都多次到过老龙头,其中乾隆皇帝4次来此登楼观海,留下了大量诗文墨宝。站在澄海楼城楼上,极目远眺,海天一色,可尽赏波涛汹涌,天海茫茫的壮美景观。老龙头的西侧修建了海神庙、北海神庙、妈祖庙、龙王庙等四座庙宇,为求神灵保护船户渔民出海平安。1900年八国联军从老龙头登陆,四座庙宇毁于炮火。现在的海神庙是1988年重新修建的,它综合了原有四座庙宇的特点,重新构思设计,延伸入海124米,是旅游观光、临风休憩的好去处。

天下第一关城楼。

1)



2)



3)



4)



5)



宁海城是老龙头军事防御体系的重要组成部分,是我国现存最完整、规模最宏大的明代军营。

6)



7)



8)



9)



10)



11)



12)



13)



14)



15)



16)



17)



18)



19)



20)



21)



22)



23)



24)



25)



26)



27)



28)



29)



30)



31)



32)



33)



34)



澄海楼高踞于老龙头之上,是老龙头的绝对制高点。

35)



36)



37)



38)



39)



40)



41)



42)



43)



44)



45)



46)



老龙头西侧的海神庙。

47)



48)



49)



50)



51)



52)



53)



54)



55)



56)



57)



58)



59)



60)


Comments

No comments posted.
Loading...

Keywords
all posts
Archive
January February March April May June July August (2) September (4) October (2) November December
January February March April May June July (6) August (1) September October (2) November (1) December (2)
January February March April (1) May (1) June (1) July (15) August (1) September (2) October (4) November December
January February (1) March (1) April May June (1) July August (1) September (1) October (1) November December
January February March April May June July August (1) September (3) October (11) November December
January February March April (2) May June (1) July (1) August (24) September October (22) November (2) December
January (4) February March April (12) May June (3) July (3) August (2) September October (12) November December (1)
January (1) February March April (19) May June July (9) August (16) September October November (10) December (9)
January (1) February March (1) April (1) May June (17) July August September October (1) November (17) December (9)
January February March April May June July August September October November December